Top 10 Global Elections of 2024: Key Contests and Their Impact
The 2024 elections will be pivotal across multiple continents, shaping both domestic policies and international relations. These top ten elections, arranged chronologically, showcase how key issues like economic stability, social reforms, and foreign policies are defining political landscapes
January: Greece
Greece’s parliamentary election, held on January 28, 2024, was a significant event. With the country recovering from years of economic hardship, voters focused on fiscal reforms, migration, and youth employment. Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis and his New Democracy party won re-election, signaling support for his steady, pro-EU economic reforms and stability programs. Greece's economy, though growing, still faces high unemployment and public debt, making the continuity of governance crucial.
March: Brazil
Brazil’s general elections on March 3, 2024, saw key debates around environmental policies, economic inequality, and public safety. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva won re-election, continuing his pro-worker agenda and strong stance on Amazon protection. His victory over Jair Bolsonaro underscores a sharp divide in Brazil’s electorate—between those who favor pro-business, less regulated approaches, and those seeking social welfare expansion. Lula’s focus remains on economic recovery and addressing the country's widespread poverty.
April: Turkey
Turkey’s presidential and parliamentary elections on April 14, 2024, were defined by economic crisis and political tension. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan faced strong opposition amid rising inflation, unemployment, and a weakened lira. Despite these challenges, Erdoğan was re-elected, reinforcing his consolidation of power, though critics argue his authoritarian style is damaging democratic institutions. His foreign policy, especially regarding NATO and relationships with Russia and the EU, remains a critical point for Turkey’s geopolitical standing.
May: India
India’s general elections, held between April 9 and May 23, 2024, were the world’s largest democratic exercise. Narendra Modi of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) achieved another sweeping victory. Key issues included economic growth, employment, and Hindu nationalism. Modi’s victory reinforced his development agenda and strongman image. However, India’s vast population faces growing income inequality, job scarcity, and strained relations with neighboring Pakistan and China, all of which will challenge Modi’s next term.
June: Philippines
The Philippines held mid-term elections on June 12, 2024. These elections shaped the political climate for President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.’s administration, especially regarding the controversial war on drugs and corruption. With key seats in the Senate and House of Representatives up for grabs, the results will influence the balance of power and the president's ability to implement his ambitious economic and infrastructural reforms.
July: Colombia
Colombia’s presidential election on July 7, 2024, was defined by ongoing peace talks with guerrilla groups and social reforms aimed at addressing economic inequality. President Gustavo Petro secured re-election, solidifying his agenda on social equity and environmental protection. His victory reflects public support for continuing the fragile peace process with the National Liberation Army (ELN) and curbing the influence of drug cartels, while critics question his ability to stabilize Colombia’s economy.
August: Argentina
Argentina’s presidential election on August 10, 2024, saw a high-stakes battle over economic instability, inflation, and soaring poverty rates. Alberto Fernández won re-election amid a financial crisis that has gripped the country for years. With Argentina’s economy still suffering from foreign debt and runaway inflation, Fernández’s second term is expected to focus heavily on IMF negotiations and implementing economic reforms. Social unrest over economic hardships, however, remains a constant pressure on his administration.
September: Malaysia
Malaysia’s general elections on September 14, 2024, will be crucial in determining the country's political and economic future. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim has focused on anti-corruption measures and rebuilding the economy after the pandemic, but he faces fierce competition from parties questioning his coalition’s ability to unite the country's diverse ethnic and religious communities. The elections will also impact Malaysia’s relationship with neighboring ASEAN countries and international trade partners.
October: Poland
Poland’s parliamentary elections, scheduled for October 2024, will revolve around the ruling Law and Justice Party (PiS) and its clashes with the European Union over judicial independence, media freedom, and LGBTQ+ rights. Poland’s role as a key NATO member in the Ukraine conflict further adds to the election's importance. Opposition parties like the Civic Coalition are expected to pose a strong challenge, making this a pivotal election for Poland's future democratic trajectory and its stance within the EU.
November: United States
The 2024 U.S. presidential election on November 5 will be one of the most closely watched globally. Vice President Kamala Harris is set to challenge former President Donald Trump in what is expected to be a deeply polarizing contest. Major issues include climate change, healthcare, and immigration. The election’s outcome will not only reshape the U.S. domestic agenda but also have far-reaching implications for global foreign policy, with U.S. relations with China, Russia, and NATO at the forefront of international concern.
The 2024 elections will bring significant shifts in political landscapes across the world. Whether through leadership changes or continued governance, the results of these elections will shape the future of domestic and global policies alike. Each election offers a glimpse into the pressing issues each nation faces, from economic instability to security and social justice. As these results unfold, we’ll see a clearer picture of the global political landscape for the years to come.
Do you think the outcome of the U.S. election will influence other countries' political landscapes? Let’s discuss respectfully in the comments!
By Neev Sahgal
